抑鬱症是一種複雜的心理健康狀況，其診斷應由合格的醫療保健專業人員做出。 然而，有一些常見的徵兆和症狀可能表示有抑鬱症。 如果您在較長一段時間內（通常是兩週或更長時間）出現以下幾種症狀，最好諮詢醫療保健專業人員：
1. 持續的悲傷、空虛或情緒低落。
2. 對曾經令人愉快的活動失去興趣或樂趣。
3. 食慾顯著變化，導致體重減輕或增加。
4. 睡眠障礙，例如失眠或睡眠過多。
5. 疲勞或失去能量。
6. 無價值感、罪惡感或過度自我批評。
7. 難以集中注意力、做決定或遇到認知困難。
8. 反覆出現死亡念頭、自殺意念或自殺企圖。
9. 持續存在的身體症狀，如頭痛、胃痛或慢性疼痛，但沒有明確的身體原因。
10. 社交退縮或與朋友和家人隔離。
請記住，這些只是一般指標，只有醫療保健專業人員才能做出正確的診斷。 如果您懷疑自己可能患有抑鬱症，請務必向心理健康專家尋求協助，他們可以評估您的症狀，提供準確的診斷並建議適當的治療方案。
Depression is a complex mental health condition, and its diagnosis should be made by a qualified healthcare professional. However, there are common signs and symptoms that may indicate the presence of depression. If you're experiencing several of the following symptoms for an extended period of time (typically two weeks or more), it may be a good idea to consult with a healthcare professional:
1. Persistent sadness, emptiness, or feeling down.
2. Loss of interest or pleasure in activities that were once enjoyable.
3. Significant changes in appetite, leading to weight loss or gain.
4. Sleep disturbances, such as insomnia or excessive sleeping.
5. Fatigue or loss of energy.
6. Feelings of worthlessness, guilt, or excessive self-criticism.
7. Difficulty concentrating, making decisions, or experiencing cognitive difficulties.
8. Recurrent thoughts of death, suicidal ideation, or suicide attempts.
9. Persistent physical symptoms like headaches, stomachaches, or chronic pain, which don't have a clear physical cause.
10. Social withdrawal or isolation from friends and family.
Remember, these are just general indicators, and a proper diagnosis can only be made by a healthcare professional. If you suspect you may have depression, it's important to seek help from a mental health professional who can assess your symptoms, provide an accurate diagnosis, and recommend appropriate treatment options.
Reference:
"The Noonday Demon: An Atlas of Depression" by Andrew Solomon
"Lost Connections: Uncovering the Real Causes of Depression—and the Unexpected Solutions" by Johann Hariapproaches to healing.
"The Mindful Way Through Depression: Freeing Yourself from Chronic Unhappiness" by Mark Williams, John Teasdale, Zindel Segal, and Jon Kabat-Zinn